The former player: 'I really wanted to carry on my rugby career'
Warning: This piece includes details of discriminatory language and behaviour
FormerEngland centre Luther Burrell states that going public to reveal racism in rugby union brought his professional journey to an early end.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell characterized racism as being "rife" in the game, displaying Whatsapp messages and remembering training ground "comments" he had been subject to while playing for Newcastle.
Then 34 and without a team, Burrell's only professional rugby since has been a handful of games with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I have definitely had to end my career because of what occurred," he told media outlets.
"I really hoped to carry on playing, of course I did. I pursued that, and it collapsed when word came out that there were inquiries going on.
"That was difficult - I had to simply come to terms with the fate and understand that this entire process is a lot bigger than me."
A rugby governing body report in 2023 found Burrell's claims were true "on the balance of probability", but said it could not collect enough evidence to categorically say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell started all of England's Six Nations games in 2014-15, but was controversially excluded for their squad for the 2015 tournament
Burrell revealed to media he also encountered prejudice within the England set-up, during a international career that saw him win 15 appearances after his first game in 2014.
"I have had multiple distressing experiences within England camp," he stated.
"Some discrimination and other just old-school mentality that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become normalised in team environments, in Burrell's view.
"It's something that has been disguised as humour and that's been the issue that I've personally experienced and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"During a extended period you just begin to believe that it's the standard and that is acceptable and that it's not harmful, but that's nonsense."
Burrell explains he was finally motivated to go public after a fellow player at Newcastle referred to him as a "slave" and told him to put sunscreen on his wrists and ankles "where chains would be placed."
The governing body said Burrell's disclosures had led to "increased scrutiny at the environment within the professional level and to the implementation of an action plan for the elite level."
"The organization has placed considerable attention on inclusion and diversity in the sport and a substantial amount of work undertaken both prior and after Luther Burrell spoke publicly and revealed his experiences of racism and classism," it continued.
"We are ongoing work with teams and partners in the professional game to work for a culture of inclusivity but recognize this takes time and is an ongoing process."
All Premiership and PWR club now has in-person training on creating welcoming cultures, with its success tracked via individual reports and feedback.
All England players, including youth squads, are trained in being "engaged observers" to intervene and protect others from damaging conduct.
"You should be so pleased of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the documentary Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"We know it has had this effect on you and ended your career, but in our eyes, you have achieved so much. We are so proud of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's father Geoff died shortly after the production of the film, and his sibling died recently.
Burrell, who was raised on a council estate in his hometown, continues his work to make the sport more accessible.
His 12 Foundation aims to connect with children in under-served communities and help them succeed both on the pitch with complimentary sports training, guidance and dietary education.
"My personal intentions are pure, I want to see the progress of the game and if nobody else is prepared to share their story then I'll continue to advocate for that cause because I'm not just pursuing this for myself," he said.
"Everyone involved have an obligation to make the sport as great as it can be and the longer I talk about it perhaps the more confident fellow players will feel about sharing their personal stories as well.
"I grab the bull by the horns and continue bearing this flag and keep carrying this responsibility and do what I can to develop opportunities and make the game more attractive and more inclusive.
"There are a lot of disadvantaged children and a lot of poverty and I honestly believe that the sport has the ability to change their lives, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a return to former club Northampton in November 2022